Clementina Marshall – DIARY PAGE INDEX, SUMMARY World War 1 Nurse.
(school exercise book, given to Clementina by her mother)
Nurse Clementina Marshall, our Family Hero, on board the Hospital Ship Gascon, ANZAC day 1915 at Gallipoli.
Page 1. Boards troopship S.S Argyllshire with Nurse Bessie Pocock, with 1500 soldiers & horses on Sydney Harbour 17/10/1914
Page 2. Blank
Page. 3 Cover Page “Clem Marshall Diary” 17/9/1914 ( given by her mother Margaret Marshall, Dornoch Sydney )
Page 4. “Steaming gently on board troopship toward Great Australian Bight”
Page 5 “Arrive in convoy at Albany Western Australia. Cold” 23/10/1914
Page 6. “Waiting – lying in Albany Harbour, then proceed in convoy.” 27/10/1914
Page 7. “Away in convoy 44 ships wonderful enjoyment”
Page 8. “Meeting army men, horses Billy & Jimmy & N.C.O. All seasick”
Page 9. Discusses meeting Major Christian, C.O – “Rather brilliant”
Page 10. Fatigued, discusses meeting young soldiers & Mr. Cunningham
Age 11. Meets two Army Chaplains & discusses the influenza epidemic 8/11/1914
Page 12. “Ocean, ocean,” “CHM misbehaving, then “excitement, Japanese cruiser” 9/11/1914
Page 13. “S.S Sydney and German raider, Konigsberg battle & Cocos Island” 13/11/1914
Page 14. “S.S Empress of Russia, battleship & arriving at Colombo” 18/11/1914
Page 15. Visits Colombo – Ceylon, describes one day visit
Page 16. Description of Colombo
Page 17. Description of Colombo & natives & beggars & leaving 22/11/1914
Page 18. Advice from headquarters – no more censorship
Page 19 S.S Star of Victoria, Shropshire, and Ascanius
Page 20 Collision at sea, Troopships. “Excitement at sea” 23/11/1914
Page 21 “our Japanese battleship escort and ship life” 24/11/1914
Page 22 “Entrance to gulf of Aden and re-coaling” 26/11/1914
Page 23 “News, to be Lucky, going towards Egypt” 28/11/1914
Page 24. Arriving at Suez Canal, so narrow 1/12/14
Page 25. Arriving at Port Said. Picturesque description 2/12/1914
Page 26 Remarks about visiting Port Said 3/12/1914
Page 27 Arrives Alexandria and travels hospital train 7/12/1914
Page 28 Describes Travelling in Egypt to Cairo
Page 29 Describes wharf and train and travels in Egypt
Page 30 Horrible Smells of crowded Egypt
Page 31 The fertile green valley of the Nile and train
Page 32 Travels on a train and through Nile Valley – 2000 years old
Page 33 Arriving Cairo at Mena House, loaded wagons 8/12/1914
Page 34 One day off to Cairo and sphinx and great pyramid tours
Page 35 Orientates have knowledge of silence
Page 36 Develops optimistic fatalism
Page 37 Visit Cairo with sister Bessie Pocock and Mr Stewart
Page 38 Egypt and dinner at Shepheards Hotel – Cairo
Page 39 Cairo traffic, donkeys, autos and trams
Page 40 Great Cheops Pyramid and sphinx and sarcophagi 29/12/1914
Page 41 Climbs to top of Cheops pyramid 30/12/14
Page 42 Explores Sakkara and chambered sub terrain temple
Page 43 wonderful tombs of Serapeum and V. Dynasty
Page 44 Tours villages and temples by herself – plucky
Page 45 Mr Cunningham and Dr Dunlop visit
Page 46 Sightseeing to Sultan Hassan mosque
Page 47 Desert sand storm 2 ½ days very unpleasant
Page 48 Egypt field hospital Pneumonia, very hard work
Page 49 Egyptian customs & manners
Page 50 Describes Ubiquitous Cairo 30th January 1915
Page 51 Visits the Cairo, Great Citadel, writes about Great Napoleon.
Page 52 Mena House hospital, then leaving for Ismailia.
Page 53 New move to Suez canal, meets nurses. 28/1/ 1915
Page 54 Canal Coy. Hospital, booms of guns. 30/1/1915
Page 55 HMS Harding bombed, first wounded soldiers.
Page 56 Guns firing across Suez canal, towards New Zealanders, NZ troops first wounded.
Page 57 Canal Firing, Turks 30 miles away. 10/2/1915
Page 58 Sister Radcliff, Sister Kitchen, visits Shepheards Hotel Cairo. 12/2/1915
Page 59 Drives auto to Suez Canal & notes Turks are 50 miles away. 14/2/1915
Page 60 Comments about Turks & German attacks on Suez canal
Page 61 Waiting, monotony, for orders to leave Ismailia.
Page 62 On night duty in field hospital Ismailia, describes nurses work. 18/2/1915
Page 63 Heard the expected news, we are leaving Ismailia. 24/2/1915
Page 64 Nurses & New Zealanders at Abassia Garrison Hospital. 21/3/1915
Page 65 Annoyed at squalid Heliopolis Hospital, then delighted to hear we are moving to Hospital Ship Secilia.
Page 66 Excitement to go on board as a nurse to Hospital Ship Secilia. 21/3 1915
Page 67 Waiting in Cairo, describes going to Church.
Page 68 Camel ride to Pyramids & Sphinx photo, then Men drink & Quarrel & burn houses. 29/3/1915
Page 69 Clementinas, My brigade the 1st Artillery, leave Cairo. 3/4/1915
Page 70 Train Convoy to Alexandria, Nurses board Hospital Ship Secilia, in the Mediterranean sea. 6/4/1915
Page 71 Nurses wait 5 days on HS Secilia, waiting for action then go off towards war Australian 1st Artillery brigade description.
Page 72 Land soon vanished, setting up hospital wards on HS Secilia, then CHM arrives Lemnos Island. 13/4/1915
Page 73 Amongst battleships, torpedo boats, & gunships, Lemnos island 16/4/1915
Page 74 Clementina asks to visit British Dreadnought Battleship Agamemnon & visits gun turrets, photo. 17/4/1915
Page 75 Lemnos harbour, describes Gun Turrets. 21/4 1915
Page 76 Describes troopship life & Lemnos harbour 21/4/1915
Page 77 Clementinas Birthday, feeling anxious, not well, uncertain. 22/4/1915
Page 77 Boards Hospital Ship Gascon, meets British Matron Woolley, & friends Sister Durham, Sister Porter 23/4/1915
Page 77. At 1am Hospital Ship HS Gascon steams away, towards Dardanelles & Cape Helles 25/4/1915 (ANZAC Day 1915)
Page 78 Gallipoli bombardment starts 5am, HELL. 25/4/1915
Page 79 Nurse Clementina Marshall describes 21 hours of Hospital Ship Gascon operations, in a War zone, being bombed.
Page 80 MAP, DRAWING, Australians, British, French, Indian attacks at Gallipoli & Cape Helles Turkey. 25/4/1915
Page 81 Gabe Tepe, Gallipoli, ½ mile off coast, 2500 wounded in 1 day, realising the Awful battle, 25 operation cases. (1st trip )
Page 82 Rush for (2nd hospital trip) & return, 22 hours nursing work, dated 16/5/1914 ( note should be 1915 )
Page 83 Describes 500 soldiers wounded, the wounds so awful, Turks & Germans using explosive bullets 11/5/1915
Page 84 HS Gascon lying close to Gallipoli shore1/2 mile away from Gallipoli beach, No progress, many dreadfully wounded
Page 85 Clementina nurses & operates on General Bridges Commanding Officer of Australian Infantry Force. 26/5/1915
Page 86 Clementina describes 6 weeks of Hospital Ship Gascon sea voyage trips & wounded soldiers, …towards Mudros bay.
Page 87 Battleship Triumph, lost, Torpedoed, Imbros 27/5/1915
Page 88 HS Gascon (3rd trip) to Gabe Tepe, 5 operations till 2am. 29/5/1915
Page 89 Gallipoli, awful battles, 3.30am start nursing work 11/6/1915
Page 90 CHM two nurse friends, Wakeford & Porter both very ill, & then 2 new sisters board HS Gascon. KITCHEN & SAMSING
Page 91 Alexandria, Lemnos, Imbros, waiting for Escort ship. 14/6/1915
Page 92 waiting at Lemnos harbour describes hospital ship Life 27/6/1915
Page 93 describes Battleship Lord Nelson bombing Turkey.
Page 94 Gabe Tepe (4th trip) to Alexandria , Nurse Clementina Marshall mentioned in Despatches from war office. 6/6/1915
Page 95 Shelling for 2 hours, describes horrible wounds, reroute from Malta to Gallipoli 27/7/1915
Page 96 Description of Visit to Malta- capital Valetta, church on Rhodes.
Page 97 Mountainous seas, everyone is seasick.
Page 98 HS Gascon takes on board 490 wounded soldiers, (5th trip,) at Cape Helles, Turkey towards Mudros harbour 22/7/1915
Page 99 Eight hospital ships towards the Dardanelles with battleships for Big Battle
Page 100 First mention of ANZAC with 60 Australians wounded every day.
Page 101 Take on board 280 wounded, (6th trip) from Cape Helles towards Mudros. 5/9/1915
Page101 Nurses Clementina Marshall, Muriel Wakeford, & Durham & Katherine Porter leave Hospital Ship Gascon 5/9/1915
Page 102 On board new ship P&O Morea towards England via Marseilles France.( Photo #3 AUST GEN HOSPITAL ) 23/9/1915
Page 103 Visits Gibraltar, tours & then is escorted by gun boats, for nurses protection, towards Plymouth. 16/10/1915
Page 104 Special war Nurses train trip from Plymouth towards London, describes first impressions of Green England
Page 105 In London, granted 6 days Leave,(Furlough) train travels to Scotland, describes Aberdeen, Clementinas birth country.
Page 105 Clementina visits relatives in Scotland, describes beautifully Edinburgh.
Page 106 Zeppelins overhead in dark war torn London, Sees one Zeppelin crashes.
Page 107 Visits London House of Commons Parliament, Listens to Sir Edward Grey statement about the withdrawal of troops from Failed Dardanelles, CHM comments Awful price paid 5/11/1915, then Furlough holidays 2weeks to Wales & Ireland.
Page 108 English scenery, so tidy, green delightful.
Page 109 To be Happy; is impossible to the harassed temperament. Hospital Ship Gascon arrives in London with Sister Kellet.
Page 110 London , then travels to Wandsworth Hospital, descriptions 7/11/1915
Page 111 Describes English nurses, Wandsworth Hospital.
Page 112 Clementina has One Day OFF per month, visits & describes Lambeth palace 22/4/1916
Page 113 Describes Rebellious English nurses, then CHM visits London, restaurants, & theatres, visits Trocadero.
Page 114 One year on memories of Blood Red Poppies, note here Blood Red Poppies BEFORE Anzac day 1915 ???
Page 115 One week Furlough, ( holiday) London ,Wimbledon, isle of Wright.
Page 116 Nursing at Harefield hospital England, Letter from Muriel Wakeford Marseilles, France, waiting for action. 28/5/1916
Page 117 Visits London & describes, Charles Dickens literature.
Page 118 London , visits Museums describes Knights of St. John/ Templar’s.
Page 119 CHM describes the sad news of Lord Kitchener’s sudden death, ….calamitous. England in Spring flower. 5/6/1916
Page 120 CHM sick, Can`t say she likes England, wishes to leave Harefield, suffering acute Neuralgia headaches. 1/11/1916
Page 121 Now enjoying Operating Theatre work at Harefield hospital 29/11/1916
Page 121 February 23rd 1917, Royal Red Cross awarded to Clementina Hay Marshall by his Majesty King George the 5th at Buckingham Palace, then CHM is presented to Queen Alexandria, at Marlborough House. CHM is awarded a book prize from The Queen Alexandria. ( Queen Alexandria is the sister of the Czar of Russia) ( Also during all of WW1 Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany is the Grandson of Queen Victoria of England )
Page 122 April 6 th 1917. Crosses the English channel to work in the field hospitals Boulogne & Wimereux France.
Page 123 Wimereux France, walks tours, enjoys one day off.
Page 124 Wimereux France, 19th of August 1917 Enjoying French people immensely; CHM decides to ask for return to England & Australia. Full description.
Page 125 On the 25th of August 1917 CHM is on bard troopship, being escorted by Major Owen ( surgeon ) back to London.
Page 126 Travelling by train towards Plymouth with CHM in charge of 5 sisters in her charge.
Page 127 On the 28th August 1917 On board the USS Coys. SS Pakeha, waiting 5 days at Plymouth wharf, then captain says Up with the gangplank. CHM replies, then, We must get on with it.
Transcription By Donald Marshall. Copyright assigned to Donald Marshall. 9/9/2015. All rights asserted under Australian Commonwealth Copyright Legislation. Donald Marshall 8 Joyner st. Moorabbin 3189 Telephone 0419 37 34 34.
- ………………….Sister Clementina Hay Marshall returned as Matron on 4 Return trips from England to Australia with up to 1400 wounded soldiers on each troopship, these soldiers were shell shocked, sick, dying & or amputees returning to Australia on board ANZAC troopships 1917, 1918 , 1919, & 1920. Troopships & hospital ships HMAT A7 Medic, A74 Marathon, Ansconia, RMS Ormonde with Sea transport section 7 & 8 & 10
Sea Transport Staff Sections 7-8
BARNARD, Muriel Elizabeth Staff Nurse
BELL, Sarah Sister
CECIL, Edith Ruth Staff Nurse
DOUGLAS, Ethel Rose Staff Nurse
FREY, Maude Josephine Staff Nurse
GOOD, Gertrude Matron / Sister
MARSHALL, Clementina Hay Matron / Temp Matron
PURCELL, Annie Watkins Bennett Vize Sister
RUSSELL, Maude Sister / Temp Matron
Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A7 Medic 2 November 1918
Transcription By Donald Marshall. Copyright assigned to Donald Marshall. 9/9/2015. All rights asserted under Australian Commonwealth Copyright Legislation. Donald Marshall 8 Joyner st. Moorabbin 3189 Telephone 0419 37 34 34.
Sea Transport Staff, Section 7
BURNS, Gertrude Alice Staff Nurse
CROHAN, Eugenie Augusta Sister
ENGLAND, Fanny Alice Staff Nurse
KEAREY, Elizabeth Sister
MARSHALL, Clementina Hay Temporary Matron
PERKINS, Jessie Grace Staff Nurse
SCOTT, Ellen Staff Nurse
Sydney, New South Wales on board RMS Ormonde 2 March 1918
Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A7 Medic Recalled 2 November 1918
Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A74 Marathon 21 January 1919
HMAT Medic
Sea Transport Staff Sections 7-8
Sea Transport Staff, Section 7
HMAT A7 Medic
Unit embarked from Sydney, New South Wales, on board HMAT A7 Medic on 2 November 1918
BARNARD, Muriel Elizabeth Staff Nurse
BELL, Sarah Sister
CECIL, Edith Ruth Staff Nurse
DOUGLAS, Ethel Rose Staff Nurse
FREY, Maude Josephine Staff Nurse
GOOD, Gertrude Matron / Sister
MARSHALL, Clementina Hay Matron / Temp Matron
PURCELL, Annie Watkins Bennett Vize Sister
RUSSELL, Maude Sister / Temp Matron
Army Medical Corps, Sea Transport Staff, Section 10 (Mental)
Sydney, New South Wales on board HMAT A7 Medic 2 November 1918. 23 men of the unit.
Transcription By Donald Marshall. Copyright assigned to Donald Marshall. 9/9/2015. All rights asserted under Australian Commonwealth Copyright Legislation. Donald Marshall 8 Joyner st. Moorabbin 3189 Telephone 0419 37 34 34.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX, WW1 DIARY OF NURSE CLEMENTINA MARSHALL
A
Aeroplane , WW1, first mention of,…..11/6/1915 Page 91,
Agamemnon Steam Ship, British Dreadnought Battleship War ship, Page 74
Alexandria, Egypt, First Visit , first mention of, ( 7/12/1914) Page 27
Alexandria, Egypt, travels towards by train Page 70 then hospital ship, Page 80, 85, 93, 94, 98,99,100,101
Antiques Page 68
ARGYLLSHIRE Steam Ship / Troopship 7/10/1914 PAGE 3
Ascanius Steam Ship, HMAT British Troopship. Page 19
Aspinall, Archie, Doctor, Captain, Surgeon Sydney Hospital & Captain of Army Medical Team, Friend. Page 14,30, 85
Aspinal, Macie, brother of Captain Aspinall Page 85,
ANZAC COVE, first historical mention 2/8/1915 PAGE 100
ANZAC DAY 25TH APRIL 1915, full description of landing, battle, casualties, operations on Hospital Ship HS Gascon Page 77
Artillery 1st. Brigade, My Brigade, (Clementinas) 1st Australian Artillery Brigade Page 69, 86, 98
Australian ANZAC attacking Bases on Gabe Tepe, Turkey, Page 84,
Australian Nursing Sisters Page 77
B
Battleships collecting with 17 monitor ships at the Dardanelles Turkey, ready for mass landing Page 99
Battleship, Queen Elizabeth British Steam Ship HMS Page 73
Belfast, Ireland, travel towards, visits, page 107
Bell, Doctor, Surgeon at AGH #2 France, page 122
Benton, Sir John, Page 115
Bird, Mr. Colonel Medical Officer AIF (Note CHM & Col. Bird had fun calling her nurse friends the` 4 Bird sisters`) Page 66
Birthday, of Clementina ( 22nd April 1879), Page 77, 114, 123, ……….(note CHM has 3 birthdays during her active WW1 service away from home, IN THIS DIARY, HOWEVER CHM HAS 5 BIRTHDAYS DURING HER ACTIVE SERVICE RETURNING WOUNDED SOLDIERS BACK TO AUSTRALIA WITH SEA TRANSPORT SECTION 6,7,8)
Borhote Mrs.( could be Bonholm ) Friend. Page 39
Boulogne, France, crossed over by train / ship to Wimereux, Western Front, ( 7/4/1917) Page 122
Bowral NSW, ( Mother Margaret Marshall rests) Page 124
Boyfriends ? Visitors, Mr. Cunningham ?, Mr. Dunlop. ? Page 45
Brass hats. Officials who visit the ship, Page 94, ( Possibly General Sir Ian Hamilton, whom CHM did meet on 6/6/1915 )
Bridges, William Throsby, Major General Commander of the ANZAC forces appointed by Aust. & NZ Prime Ministers to lead the WW1 ANZAC forces, Wounded by sniper fire on Gallipoli, transferred to HS Gascon by barge, operated on 18/5/1915. Died 2 days later of blood loss. Sister Clementina Marshall was General Bridges personal nurse on board HS Gascon & signed his death certificate. Sister Clementina Marshall was awarded a clasp of Oak leaves to wear on the ribbon of her Victory Medal. In this diary CHM writes that General bridges was buried at Alexandria Egypt, however he was later buried with full military honours at Duntroon Military College Canberra, the only Australian to have his remains returned to Australia in World War 1. ( Out of the approx 68,000 dead Australian soldiers. Also Sandy his Horse was the only horse returned to Australia out of the 120,000 horses used in WW1 . Bridges, William Throsby, Major General Commander of the ANZAC Forces Page 85.
British soldiers to rush the narrows Dardanelles, page 100
British Transport Ship Page 73, 99
Buchanan, Doctor, Captain, Surgeon Sydney Hospital & Captain of Army Medical Team, Friend. Page 14,
Buracco , Harbour Valetta Malta Page 97
C
Cairo, First Mention of travels to Egypt. Page 23, 58,
Camel Ride to Aberwasha Egypt, Page 68 SEE PHOTO ON 29TH MARCH 1915 ON CAMEL AT SPHINX / PYRAMIDS
Canel, Suez, Egypt, First visit, first mention of, (1/12/1914) Page 24, 52,
Cape Helles, Turkey, ( Point of Gallipolli Peninsula) first mention, Page 77, 98, FIRST VISIT TO PICK UP WOUNDED PAGE 98,101
Cape Of Good Hope, Steam Ship. Page 14
Cases, Theatre operations on HS Gascon, surgicall operations Page, 81, 88
Casualties, Died on ANZAC day HS Gascon Page 79, then after 81,82,86,87,89,95,
Cawood, Nursing Sister. Page 53
Cecilia, Secilia (correct spelling ) British Steam ship, HM Hospital ship, CHM Thrilled to be on board, Page 65
Chaplains, on board Argyllshire, 1 Catholic, & 1 of `Ours` Presbyterian. Page 11
Cheops, Great Pyramid Cairo, visits, Page 41, Climbs Pyramids Page 41 ,42
Christian Mr.Sydney Ernest Major Commanding Officer 1st Australian Field Artillery. Friend, Born 1868 – 1931 Page 9,14
Citadel Cairo Page 51
Civilization, Egyptian State society. Page 43
Clementina Hay Marshall Nurse (Author) of this nurses Diary, (Born Dornock Scotland 1879 – Died Urunga NSW 1968) Page 3,
(there were 7 Australian Army Nursing Service Sisters on board Hospital Ship Gascon on ANZAC DAY 25th April 1915,………….. with One British Army Matron Woolley, with 590 wounded ANZAC soldiers, all loaded on board between 9am & 1am the next day, then headed towards Alexandria Egypt.)
These Australian Army Nurses were On board Hospital Ship HS Gascon on ANZAC day 1915, Ella Tucker, Muriel Wakeford, Clementina Marshall, Katherine Porter, Sister… Durham, Christine Dickson, & ………………………………
Page 77 Nurse Clementina Marshall Joins the hospital ship HS Gascon 23/4/1915 in Mudros bay towards Gallipoli.
Page 101 Nurse Clementina Marshall Leaves Hospital ship HS Gascon 5/9/1915 after 5months war service work.
Colombo, Capital of Sri Lanka, then Ceylon, Indian Ocean. Page 13, 14
Cunningham Mr. Sargeant Major Of Australian cavalry(Owner of the friendly horses)Friend, acquaintance Page7,10, 29,51
D
Dalipills. B. …………………………………friend from NSW. Page 110
Dalriall, Bess,……………………………. friend, visits in London page 113
Dangerous sea voyages, Page 125
Dardanelles, Gallipoli, Turkish Peninsula sea going straits, first mention of, Page 77,79,82,83,87,99, 100, 114,
Dardanelles, Excitement ran high as memory goes back to 1915, 12 months ago, Page 114
Decorated by The King Of England, Royal Red Cross Medal, awarded at Buckingham palace, February 22nd 1917. page121
Delighted to be on board Hospital Ships Page 70,
Dick, Doctor Adam, Page 99
Dickens, Charles, author, in Old London Town Page 116, 117, 118,
Dickson, Nursing Sister..Christine .Australian Army Nursing Service on board HS Gascon……….. Page 53
Died, Casualties, on ANZAC day HS Gascon Page 79,
Doone, Nursing Sister, Page 99
Doyle, Nursing Sister, Page 99
Dreadnought Battleship British Old Style Steam War ship, Page 74
Dressing Station & Medical Ward, France, Dressed 400 wounds in One Day Page 122
Dublin Steam ship, HMS P age 73
Dublin City, Ireland, travel towards, visits, Page 107
Duke of St. Albans, Page 117
Duke Of Cornwall Hotel, Page 102Dunbridge, London Vists Page 108
Dunlop , Dolly, Friend, Page 111
Dunluce Castle Steam Ship, British Navy, Troopship Page 87, 99
Duntroon , Small lieutenants, nice boys, from General William Throsby Bridges college. Page 10
Durham Nursing sister, ……………………….AANS, friend, Australian Army Nursing Service on board HS Gascon Page 77, 101
E
Edinburgh, Scotland Page 105
Emden, German War Ship Cruiser , Battleship Raider, Pacific & Indian Oceans, Page 13
England, first visit towards (16/10/1915) Page 103,
Enjoying, as Operating Theatre nurse at Harefield page 121
Enjoying France Immensely, Page 124,
Enos, town, Gallipolli, Turkey, attacked by British forces, Page 81,
Euripedes Steam Ship Troopship HMAT Page 6, 21
Evans Captain D L C Argyllshire Steam Ship Master. HMAT. Troopship Page 24
Excitement , ran high at the Dardanelles, as memory goes back to 1915 12 months ago, Page 114
F
Family, Robert Wiseman Marshall is Father, Margaret Hay Marshall is Mother, Then Clementina, born 1879, Then Sandy (Alexander) CHM Brother, born 1881 ,Died Urunga NSW C. 1950, Then CHM younger sister Elizabeth ( POP),born 1882 then CHM younger brother Robert Williamson Marshall, (BEU) born 1884, died Kyabram 1953, (Donald Marshall`s my Grandfather) Then CHM youngest brother James Falkner Marshall Died aged 1 Scotland in 1886 Dornock. ALL FIVE children of Robert & Margaret Marshall were born in Cuthill Farm House Dornock North Scotland , & FOUR travelled with Mother Margaret on the Steam Sailing Ship SS Aberdeen to via Rio deJaniero, then Cape of Good Hope arriving in Melbourne in August 1888 then Sydney September 1888.
Father, Robert Wiseman Marshall Born Scotland 1841 Dornock – Died Sydney 1907 Page 3
Fear Greatly, Page 100
Fiaschi, Doctor Thomas Henry, Colonel Australian Medical Corps, Surgeon, Sydney hospital, see notes below. Page 111
Fiaschi, Mrs. 2nd wife Amy Curtis, Meets CHM at Majestic hotel Alexandria, Amy is also a nurse, Page 98, 111
Field Hospital Page 47
Fired on, HS Gascon 1/2mile off Gallipoli coast by Turkish gun shells Page 81, 93
Folkstone, England, crossed over to France by train on board ship Page 122.
Furlough, ( Holiday Off Duty) a fortnight off page 114
G
Gaba Tepe, town in Turkey, on eastern side of Gallipoli Peninsula, HS Gascon anchored ½ mile off coast of ANZAC Landing & battle grounds. Page 78, 79, 86,88,89,93,
Gallipoli, Page 81, 93, 101
Galway, Nursing Sister, Page 99
Gangway Up, towards home Page 127.
Gascon Hospital Steam Ship British HS HOSPITAL SHIP, Built in Ireland in 1898. First Mention of Clementina Marshall arrival on HS Gascon , Page 77, 78, 101, 109
Gascon arrives back in London Page 109,
General Hospital #1 Australian, CHM nurse friends, depart On P&O Liner troopship SS Morea, Page 102
General Hospital #2 Australian, at Marseilles France, page116, & at Wimereux France, Page 122
General Hospital #3 Australian, CHM nurse friends, depart On Steam Ship Dulace Castle Page 99
General Hospital #14 Australian, in Egypt, asked for transfer, Page 120
General London Hospital #3 Wandsworth, working, page 110
Germans, soldiers, 56, 60, 78,
Gibraltar, Rock of, visits on voyage towards England & the ship is equipped with Guns & 2 Gunners Page 102, 103
Gifford, Lady Page 124
Glascon Steam Ship, British Troopship. (Note NOT Gascon) Page 14
Glemmish, Elinor, Author Of Halcyone. Page 18
Gloucester Steam Ship, British Battleship Page 73, 74
Grays Inn London Page 117
Great Australian Bight, travels over Page 4
Greig, Nursing Sister, Page 99
Grey, Sir Edward, MP, CHM visits House of Commons to hear the War statement in Parliament, London Page 107
Grammaphone, old style recorded wax cylinder, Listening to music, entertainment on board ships Page 75
Governor General Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson, meets on board 14/10/1914 Sydney Harbour Page 3
Guns, Shells, 4inch, 8inch, 9.2inch, descriptions Page 73, 74, 75, 81, 103,
Gwynn Nell, Page 112, 117
H
Hampshire Steam Ship, British HMAS troopship destroyer Page 13
Hardelot, France, Page 123, 124,
Harding Steam Ship, British Man of War HMS page
Harefield Hospital, London ,..CHM working at, Page 114, 116, (Harefield hospital work is slack, page 116 ), 120,
Harrassed. Unsettled temperament page 109
Harrow on the Hill London , visits page 108
Hate , it here at Harefield Hospital Page 120, ( see also, Enjoying as Operating Theatre nurse at Harefield page 121)
Heads, under some delusion Page 121
Heliopolis, Cairo, Hospital Page 57, 64
HELL , ( bombardment on ANZAC DAY 1915 ), Page 78
Holboro, Page 116,
Home voyages, carrying 1400 wounded soldiers, ( CHM completes, Four return trips as Matron ) page 126
Horror, Awful, Page 79,83,89,95, 107,
Hospital Train , travelling from Alexandria to Cairo, Page 27.
Hospitals all full to overflowing, 11/6/1915 already returning soldier to Australia & New Zealand Page 90
House of Commons, London, English Parliament visit, Page 106
Humanity, Page 54
I
I Hope, have asked for transfer, Page 120
Imbros, Island & harbour bay, Page 87, 88,
In Charge, of 5 sisters, Page 126
Indian Steam Ship Page 71
Ingliss, Miss ( friend) Page 124,
Inoculated, ( 1917 Spanish Influenza) Page 123
Ireland, travel towards, visits, page 107
Isle of Wight, English channel, CHM drove across & visits, Page 115,
Ismailia, Town in Egypt, WW1 ANZAC staging camp & field hospital Page 51, 60, 64
J
Japanese cruiser ( Possibly Mitsubishi) Allies with Australian & British WW1 troopships. Page 12
Jones, Captain AIF. page 51
Julius Caesar Page 112
K
Kellet, Nursing Sister Maud (from Sydney Hospital), friend, Page51, 109,
(Sister Kellet, Later Sydney Hospital Matron 1922, over the top of Clementina Marshall who then resigned. )
Khedive Palace, Egypt. Page 29.
Kitchen, Nursing Sister Alice, Australian Army Nursing Service, then Joined HS Gascon on 11th June 1915, Page 58, Page 90
Kitcheners Lord, the death of Lord Kitchener is the worst of Calamities, Page 119
King Charles 2nd Page 112,
King George 1st King Of England page 118
King George Vth The King of England, Clementina is invited to Buckingham palace to meet & be Awarded the Royal Red Cross Royal Red Cross Medal RRC. date …11th March 1917…… Page 121
King Henry VIII (8th) Ménage papers & accounts, Page 112
King, Nursing Sister,………………………………………………….. Page 53
Kingsway, London, visits page 116,
Knights Hospitallars ( St. John ) page 118
Knights Templar’s Page 118
Knowledge of Silence, Looking at the Great Pyramids of Cheops, Page 35
L
Lancashire, Territorials, British soldiers, patients, Page 56
Lancastrians, Page 113, 118,
Landing Gallipoli, Forces, French, English, Australian, Indian, page 80.
Laughing Page 72.
Leaving France, for England 19/8/1917, Page 124
Leaves, HS Gascon asked by Matron Woolley with 4 others to be relieved (5/9/1915) page 101
Leaving London, my war service is 4 years, ( then 2 years more on nursing Returning soldiers home to Australia Page 125
Lemnos, First Visit, Page 72 (21st April 1915) waiting to see what happens Lemnos harbour, Page 75
Lewmard. Mrs. visitor & friend Page 71
Library, London Page 112
Life Belt, on voyage Home to Australia, Page 125
Lincoln Inn Fields, London Page 116
Linklater Nursing Sister, Page 99
Lights Out, Submarine Scare Page 84, 86,87
Lloyd Mr. ……………Captain AIF Australian Infantry Forces 1st Artillery. Captain, Freind Page 23.
London, England, first visit towards (16/10/1915) Page 103, 105, 106, 107, 108
London , Hugely Interesting, visits again & again, page 108, 116, 117, 118
Long Dreary Winter, then Spring is too beautiful Page 119
Love, being near the Sea, excellent, Page 122
Lucas Mr. Major Page 9.
Leslie, Mr. ..Man Friend or relative working on Tug Boat Albany WA Page 6
Lyttletons, Lady, meets page 113
M
Macaulay’s Essays Page 119
Mac Gregor, Nursing Sister Friend, Page 110.
Mae, Nurses or Lady relative lives in Sydney Page 5
Malta to Gallipoli Page 95
MAP of ANZAC Day Gallipoli attacks, hand drawn on site in view of the coast, men , guns, smoke, action, attacks, Page 80.
Marlbourgh House, London, Clementina Invited by & meets Her Majesty, Queen Alexandria, Page….121
Marseilles, France, arrives, Page 102, 116,
Marshall Nurse Clementina(Author) of this nurses Diary, born Scotland Dornock 1879– Died Urunga NSW1968. Page 3,101
Matron Rose Creal, Sydney Hospital, Nurse Trainer & Friend & WW1 Matron with AANS Page 5
Matron Gould Miss Nellie, Royal Australian Medical Corp, ( Founder of AANS with General Bridges Duntroon ) Page 70
Matron Gray, Miss,……………. AGH #2 Wimereux France, Page 122
Matron,……………… Royal Australian Medical Corp, Page 66
Matron Woolley,………………British Army Medical Corp. Matron In Charge of HS Gascon with 7 Australian Nurses. Page 77, 101
Mathius, Mr. Colonel & Mrs, at Shere England, visits, page 114,
Majestic, Steam Ship, British Navy LOST, torpedoed, bombed by enemy, Page 87
Majestic Hotel Alexandria Page 71, 90, 98, 101,
Melbourne Steam Ship HMAS Page 4
Mentioned, in War Office Despatches, Nurse Clementina Marshall in newspaper articles, Page 94,
Michael Angelo, sculpture Page 96
Minerva, Steam Ship Battleship steam ship, Page 74
Memory, goes back 12 months to 1915, to ANZAC day, describes Red poppies before ANZAC DAY 1915, page 114,
Mena House, Cairo, First Mention of, Page 27, 33, 52, Mena Camp ANZAC base full of Australians Page 64, 69,
Minatour Steam Ship, HMAS Page 13
Miserable tired, page 101
Monmouth Steam Ship, Page 14
Morea. Steam Ship, British troopship P&O Liner converted for troopship war work, (possible photo)page 101
Mother, Margaret Williamson Marshall 1858 born Scotland – Died 1932 Sydney PAGE 3
Motherspills, Seasickness pills, Page 3
Moulin, Sovereign Cafe, for excellent for Pancakes, Near Wimereux France, Page 123
Mudros Bay, harbour of the Island of Lemnos, Page 78, 80,86,87, 91, 98,99,100, memories of Mudross bay Page 114,
Murphy, Mr. Captain, 2 days off drives with Clementina to Alexandria gardens Egypt. Page 98
My Brigade, Clementinas, 1st Australian Artillery Brigade Page 69, 86, 98
Myra Mackenzie, friend Page 113
N
Napoleon III. Page 102
Nelson, Lord, Steam Ship British battleship, HMS page 93
Neuralgic, head aches , acute, Page 120
New Zealanders, soldiers, Page 56, 57, 64,
New Zealand Boats, Troopships carrying NZ Army. Page 13.
Nile River Egypt. Page 31, 66
Non Commissioned Officer …….. Sergeant Major Page 8
O
Off –Duty, one day per Month, visits Lambeth Palace London, Page 112, also see Furlough a fortnight, page 114,116
Olding, Mr…… Page 87
Operating Theatre nurse, HS Gascon Page 79, 88,
Operating, Theatre, nurse, Harefield Page 120,
Osmania Steam Ship, troopship Page 85
Owen , Major………resigning, to travelling Home, Page 125
P
Paddington, London & The Ivanhoe Hotel, Bloomsbury street. Page 104
Pakeha, Steam Ship USS,. Cargo boat, return voyage .. page 126
Palais de Long Champs, France, Page 102
Peace & calm, very desirable, to be happy, Page 109
Phillips, Nursing Sister, Page 99
Pidgeon , Nursing Sister, Page 99
Plymouth, arrives with torpedo boat escort, Page 102, 103, Leaving…Page 126,
Pneumonia Page 48
Pocock Nurse sister Bessie Sydney hospital Friend, cabin together on Troopship Argyllshire. Page 7,14,30,37,53,
Pop, nickname, Clementina`s sister is Elizabeth, CHM younger sister from Sydney NSW, Died Urunga NSW C. 1956 Page 3
Port Aden, Arabia, (now Yemen ) top of Indian Ocean, Page 21, see Also Gulf Of Aden, Page 22
Porter, Katherine, Nursing sister, friend, Australian Army Nursing Service on board HS Gascon Page 77, 90,101,
Pyramids Cairo, Egypt. Visits, Page 34, 35, 66, CAMEL RIDE TO SEE PAGE 68, Climbing The Great Cheops Pyramid Page 41 ,42
Q
Quarrel, Looting, Fighting, Burning Houses arrests of ANZACS in Cairo red district. Page 68
Queen Alexandria, CHM meets, at Marlbourgh House as invited by her Majesty, page….121
Queen Elizabeth British Steam Ship HMS Page 73
Queen Amelia of Portugal, CHM meets, Page 125
Queen Victoria, Diamond jubilee gifts, visits, page 115
R
Radcliff, Nursing Sister,…………………… Page 53, 58
Rations, Australian Nurses in Marseilles France, Living On Rations. Page 116
Ras- el-Tiu, Town Egypt. Page 29, 31.
Rebellious, nurses Wandsworth, Territorial Sisters Page 113
Red Poppies, at Mudros Bay,Laid out for me by my friends in Honour of my birthday, 3 days prior to ANZAC DAY1915Page 114
Relations, visits in Edinburgh John Wallace, Alice Williamson, Minnie ( Marshall) Page 105
Restaurants, Shepheards, Best hotel in Cairo, Restaurant. Page 37, 38, Majestic Hotel Alexandria Page 71, 90, 98, 101,
Restaurants in London, Chanticleer, Isola Bello, Romano’s, Rendezvous, Trionons, Petit Giche, Fiascalis, Trocadero, Page 113
Returning wounded, Invalided soldiers to Australia & New Zealand in troopships from Alexandria 11/6/1915 already, page 90,
Rifle Fire Crackle, first mention of, Page 54
Royal Red Cross Medal, awarded at Buckingham palace, decorated by The King Of England, February 22nd 1917. page121
Royal Hospital Chelsea, -For veterans, page 112
Russell, Earl Page 117
S
Sakkara, town in Egypt near the Old Step Pyramid Page 41, 42
Samsang Nursing Sister,.Hilda ( from Melbourne ) then Joined HS Gascon on 11th June 1915, Not named in diary, page 90
Sarcophagi, solid carved rock marble coffin inside Pyramids Page 40
Scotland, Travels by Steam Train towards Aberdeen Page 104
Seasick, mountainous seas, horrible stormy weather, all on board hospital ship seasick Page 97
Sicilia, correct spelling(Cecilia, wrong)British Steam ship, HOSPITAL SHIP, Thrilled to be on board, Page 65, then 70, 77, 94,
Shepheards, Best hotel in Cairo, Restaurant. Page 37, 38,
Shropshire Steam Ship HMAT British Troopship, Page 19
Sink our Rank, ( from Nurse Sister Sargeant to nurses during their work at Wandsworth hospital ) Page 111,113,114
Sister Nurse is being Married today, a much chronicled event, Page 119
Sisters, Nursing from NSW Sydney Hospital Friends, Page 27
Sphinx, Cairo, Egypt. first mention of visit,( 24/12/1914) Page 34, 66
Splint Padding, nurses preparing bandages for patients, Page 72.
Sprent, Major,…………..Page 126.
St. Johns Island near Port Said Arabia, Page 24, 25
St. Johns Church, Valetta, Malta Page 96
St. Pauls Cathedral London , Page 108
Staff nurses, Sink our rank to…… as a result of rebellious English fearfull nurses, squabbling, over rank, … Page 114
Star Of Victoria Steam battleship Australian HMAS Page 19
Stewart Mr. AIF 1st Infantry Battalion, Friend , acquaintance Page 28, 37, 40,98,
Submarined, LOST, torpedoed, bombed Page 87, 95
Sultan, Hassan Mosque, visits, Page 46
Suserainty, Suzerainty (proclamations of English Order) Posted in Public spaces Cairo, Egypt. Page 39.
Sydney Departing harbour 25 troopships 14/10/1914 page 3
Sydney Battleship HMAS Steam Ship Australia’s Largest WW1 Battleship. Page 13, 73
Syme, (later SIR) Doctor George Adlington Syme, Colonel Australian Medical Corp, Surgeon on board HS Gascon, with Clementina, later Wandsworth & Harefield hospitals in England with Clementina, Later After WW1 First President of Royal College of Surgeons Australia. ( His Uncles are the founders of the Age newspaper, Melbourne) CHM friend Page 79, 82
T
Talbot, Lady, meets, Page 113,
Territorials, Lancashire, British soldiers, patients, Page 56
Territorials, Lancashire, British Nurses, dreary, causes a bit of fuss, Page 110,
Torpedo, attacks, scares, firings, Page 73, 74
Tower of London Page 108,
Triumph, Steam Ship, British Navy troopship, LOST by enemy submarine torpedo, Page 87
( Tucker , Ella, Nurse with Australian Army Nursing Service. Not mentioned in diary, however photo shows,…….. Nurse Sister Ella Tucker on board HS GASCON )
Turks, Soldiers, Page 56, 57, 59, 74, 78, 83,
Turkish Delight sweets, Page 26
Turrets , of guns on Destroyer, visits with photo taken 21/4/1915 Page 75
Tussards Madame, London visits, Page 108
U
V
Valetta, capital of Malta, Page 96, page 100 3rd visit
Venture ( Forth Alone, CHM explores alone in the desert on a donkey to visit villages ) Page 44
Victor, Church of Saint, which is built over the Church of the Inquisition, & the tombs of Lazarus, France, Page 102
Victory, IF we are to have…..Page 107
W
Waiting orders, Page 80, 88, 91, 106, 107,
Wakeford, Nursing Sister Murial,………… Australian Army Nursing Service on board HS Gascon. Page 90,101, 116
( Letter from Nursing Sister Muriel Wakeford at Marseilles France, who is at Australian General Hospital #2 page 116)
Wales, travel towards, visits, page 107
Wandsworth Hospital London , Nurse Sister Clementina arrives for work 12/11/ 1915 Page 110, 112
War Work, first wounded, Page 56
Welsh Tongue, language, visits Wales, Page 108
Westminster Abby Page 108
Wide spaces of sandy deserts in Australia, memories of, Page 116
Williamson , Dolly, Friend visits page 115
Wimbledon London, Chilblains, wearisome, Page 112, 115,
Wimereux, France, fashionable suburb of Boulogne, Page 122
Wishing , the war was over, Page 120
Withdrawal, , statement in parliament, whilst CHM in attendance house of commons, AWFUL price, Page 107
Wyboru, Elsie Page 108
X
Y
Z
Zeppelin airships German Raids, first sighting of Zepplelins in London , Page 106 ( photo)
Transcription By Donald Marshall. Copyright assigned to Donald Marshall. 9/9/2015. All rights asserted under Australian Commonwealth Copyright Legislation. Donald Marshall 8 Joyner st. Moorabbin 3189 Telephone 0419 37 34 34.
NOTES.
Regarding Nurses performing great service during their careers,….
Clementina Marshall was trained at Sydney hospital in Macquarie street, by the previous Matron at Sydney hospital,…
* Matron Nellie Gould, on the 27th of September 1914 Miss Gould enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force and was appointed matron of No.2 Australian General Hospital. With six other nurses she left Australia on 20 October, disembarking at Alexandria, Egypt, on 4 December. The hospital unit arrived later and she took up her duties as matron on 21 January 1915. The staff were established at Mena House when, a few months later, casualties from Gallipoli made necessary the preparation of a second hospital at Ghezireh Palace; the two hospitals had a total of 1500 beds. In April 1916 No.2 A.G.H. was transferred to France and established at Wimereux, arriving on 30 June, the eve of the advance on the Somme.
In 1917, after a long period of arduous duty, Miss Gould was posted to England to No.1 Australian Auxiliary Hospital (Harefield). In November she was transferred to Cobham Hall, an Australian convalescent hospital. She returned to Australia in January 1919 and was discharged from the A.I.F. on 3 March. Her health was broken and she was unfit to take up nursing duties again; from 1920 she received a war service pension. Her distinguished service was recognized by the award of the Royal Red Cross (1st class) in 1916.
Nurse Clementina Marshall worked alongside both these Doctors at Sydney Hospital prior to WW1,
* Aspinall, “Archie”, Doctor Archibald John, as he was known, was educated at The Scots College and at the University of Sydney. He graduated with M.B. Ch.M.in 1906. In 1906 Archie commenced work at Sydney Hospital as a Pathologist. From 1908 to 1911 he was the Medical Superintendent of the hospital. It was during Archie’s term of office as Medical Superintendent that the first woman doctor was appointed to the staff of the hospital in 1910 [2]. (Earlier, another application by a woman doctor had been rejected in 1905.) He then became an Honorary Surgeon at the hospital, a position only interrupted by his military service. Finally, in 1931, Archie was appointed as a Lecturer in Clinical Surgery. His private consulting rooms were at 157 Macquarie Street and then at BMA House, 135 Macquarie Street. Archie was a foundation member of the Royal Australian College of Surgeons. He was a member of the NSW State Committee of the College. War Service, Archie was appointed a Captain in the AIF on 20 August, 1914. He left Sydney on 20 October,1914 aboard the Transport A14, Euripides. On 26 July, 1915 he was promoted to Major in preparation for a transfer on 12 August, 1915 to the Divisional Headquarters of the ANZAAC. About a week later he was appointed as Acting Sanitary Officer for the Dardanelles area. His task was to try to arrest a worsening outbreak of dysentery. Two weeks later his responsibilities increased when he was promoted to Acting Deputy Assistant Director of Medical Services, 1st Division. Archie held this position for several months. He returned to Australia on 4 November, 1915 aboard the Health Ship, Karoola which reached Sydney about a month later. His appointment with the AIF was terminated on 30 April, 1916. He continued to serve with the A.A.M.C. Reserve for many years. During WW2 Archie worked aboard the Dutch Hospital ship Oranje, before transferring as the Commandant of the 114th AGH, Goulburn, New South Wales. He was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel on 1 May, 1941.[3] Background and Family Archie was born on 12 May, 1883 at Forbes and died on 5 December, 1945 at Turramurra. In 1913 he married Marybell Campbell Woods with whom he had five children. The family has personal experience with medical problems. Their eldest child was born with mild Cerebral palsy. Their fourth child died of whooping cough soon after his third birthday. Initially the family lived close to the Sydney Hospital. They later shifted to Darlinghurst and to Woollahra. Archie was left his father’s property in Trentino Avenue, Turramurra. At first the family spent their weekends at the property. Later they moved to live there permanently. Clementina & Dr. Aspinal were life long friends after WW1.
*Fiaschi, Doctor Thomas Henry, Colonel Australian Medical Corps, Surgeon, Sydney hospital, also Boer War South Africa, Italy, London. Nurse Clementina Marshall & Doctor Fiaschi were Sydney Hospital colleges where they worked together & became friends during surgical operations. On 10 August 1913 Fiaschi’s 1st. wife died in Sydney, and on 19 August 1914, He married with Anglican rites Amy Curtis, a nurse, at Christ Church, Bundaberg, Queensland. In May 1915 Fiaschi left Sydney for Lemnos, where he commanded the 3rd Australian General Hospital before being invalided to England with beriberi in November. On recovery he went to Italy, where in July 1916 he temporarily resigned his commission in the Australian Imperial Force, to be surgeon in a military hospital at Schio in the Trentino; he was accompanied by his wife who worked as a nurse for the Italian Red Cross Society. They returned to Australia in October 1917 and he joined the Australian Army Medical Corps Reserve as colonel, retiring in January 1921 as an honorary brigadier-general. Dr Fiaschi wrote many letters & references for Clementina in later life until he died in 1927.
** Notes regarding Nurses on Board the British owned & operated Hospital Ship Gascon, during 1915 …………………………….. from Susanna De Vries, book Australian Heroines of World War One. Page 123 notes,.. 2nd September 1915. Alexandria, We arrived here yesterday at 4pm, we got 200 deck cases off, so I had to stay on duty all night. ( Sister Hilda Theresa Samsing) It was awfully hot and the dysentery cases felt the heat badly. Sisters Durham, Porter, Marshall & Wakeford left the Gascon this evening. Sisters Gullet, Tynham, Frater & Walters take their places… The British Army Matron Woolley was in Charge during 1915.. Nurse Clementina Marshall worked in the operating Theatre, Sister Samsing was desperate to have this job for herself.
Transcription By Donald Marshall. Copyright assigned to Donald Marshall. 9/9/2015. All rights asserted under Australian Commonwealth Copyright Legislation. Donald Marshall 8 Joyner st. Moorabbin 3189 Telephone 0419 37 34 34.
HOSPITAL SHIPS ENGAGED IN THE WW1 MEDITERANEAN SEA; HS Sicilia and HS Gascon which were present on 25 April,
Also Later HS OXFORDSHIRE
Also Later HS GALEKA